Causes of deformation in CNC aluminum processing

Causes of deformation in CNC aluminum processing

In the machining industry, aluminum profiles can be called aluminum alloy and aluminum. According to the manufacturing process of automation equipment in different industries, there are a lot of aluminum processing for spare parts. There will be some deformation during the processing of aluminum alloy parts. Let’s see why the aluminum parts are deformed during the processing? Generally, aluminum alloy materials are divided into profiles and plates, which have large metal removal and low rigidity. In the process of machining, deformation will be caused by residual stress, clamping force and cutting motion.

Residual stress: in the process of forming aluminum alloy materials, the arrangement of metal crystals is not in the ideal state, and the size and shape of crystals are not the same. There is original residual stress, which releases slowly with time and produces certain deformation. In addition, in the process of machining precision mechanical parts, the plastic deformation of metal cutting and the friction heat between the tool and the workpiece make the temperature difference between the machined surface and inner layer larger, resulting in greater thermal stress and thermal stress plastic deformation.

The deformation of mechanical parts in the process of machining and cutting is not caused by a single reason. It is often the structure of the combined action of several reasons, and this combined action is not invariable in the process of machining. With the continuous change of machining, it is difficult to judge which reason has the greatest impact on the deformation. We can only start from the causes of deformation, The corresponding process method is adopted to reduce the machining deformation as far as possible.

Clamping force: due to the thin wall of thin-walled cavity parts in aluminum alloy processing, both bench vice and chuck clamping will produce transverse or radial clamping force, which will inevitably lead to clamping deformation. The degree of clamping deformation is related to the clamping force. If the clamping force is large, it will form irrecoverable plastic deformation.

If it is small, it will form elastic deformation, and the elastic deformation will recover after unloading, but the cutting process is carried out when the elastic deformation is not recovered. The recovery of single elastic deformation will bring new deformation to the processed parts.

Cutting motion: the cutting process of mechanical parts is the process of the interaction between the tool and the workpiece, which makes the tool remove part of the material from the workpiece. The cutting movement makes the crystal particles of the material squeeze, stretch, break and other phenomena, these phenomena will make the crystal atoms displacement, forming irrecoverable plastic deformation!

The above is about the machining of aluminum parts why deformation.

ken. tang@chengcg.com

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