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Development of CNC processing industry in 2021

2021 is destined to be an extraordinary year. At present, the domestic epidemic situation has been stable, while the foreign epidemic situation is still rising. For the machinery manufacturing CNC processing industry, the business impact on the foreign trade market is very large. Where is the development direction in the second half of 2021? Let’s take a look at the following points:

  1. The foreign market has a huge impact: many of them have not returned to work, and the demand for CNC processing is almost zero. But we can not give up the market, take the initiative to contact customers, and at the same time open up new markets.
  2. Large domestic demand, seize the opportunity: it can be said that the domestic epidemic has been completely controlled, the demand of all walks of life is rising, especially the precision CNC processing customers, such as electronic optics, mobile communication, medical equipment and other industries, need CNC processing outsourcing cooperation. As long as we do a good job in quality and service to customers, orders will grow slowly.
  3. Independent innovation, R & D of products: for the mechanical processing industry, R & D of products is a very difficult thing. We need technology without technology, market without market, and talents without talents, unless we have abundant funds, talents or market demand.
About CNC Turniing

ken.tang @ chengcg.com

Structure of CNC machine tool

At present, in the Pearl River Delta Dongguan region, CNC machining machine on the bed is very common. It is a machine tool with automatic program control system. To understand the CNC machining system structure principle, in the CNC machining process, can logically deal with the control code or other symbols and instructions of the program, and its decoding, so that the machine action and processing mechanical parts, collectively referred to as CNC machining.

The structure of CNC machine tool is as follows

  1. Main machine, which is the theme of CNC machine tools, including machine body, column, spindle, feed mechanism and other mechanical parts. He is used to complete a variety of cutting precision parts processing.
  2. Numerical control device is the core of CNC machine tool, including hardware and corresponding software, which is used to input digital part program, complete input information storage, data transformation, interpolation operation and realize various control functions.
  3. Driving device, which is the driving part of CNC machine tool actuator, including spindle driving unit, feed unit, spindle motor and feed motor. Under the control of the numerical control device, he realizes the spindle and feed drive through the electric or electro-hydraulic servo system. When several feed linkage, can complete the positioning, straight line, plane curve and space curve processing.
  4. Auxiliary device refers to some necessary supporting parts of CNC machine tool to ensure the operation of CNC machine tool, such as cooling, chip removal, lubrication, lighting, monitoring, etc. It includes hydraulic and pneumatic device, chip removal device, exchange table, numerical control turntable, numerical control dividing head, cutting tool, monitoring and detection device, etc.
  5. Programming and other auxiliary equipment, which can be used to program and store CNC parts outside the machine.

The above is the structure of CNC processing. In the machining industry, precision CNC processing greatly improves production efficiency. Its main advantages are as follows:

① It can ensure the accuracy and surface roughness of the workpiece to be processed;

② It can shorten the processing route, reduce the empty travel time and improve the processing efficiency;

③ The workload of numerical calculation should be simplified as much as possible, and the machining program should be simplified;

④ For some repeated programs, subroutines should be used.

About CNC Turniing

ken.tang @ chengcg.com

CNC lathe preparation process

In the field of machining, CNC machine tool is very common and has a wide range of applications. At present, it is a kind of processing equipment often used in the field of precision machining. When using the machining center, the maintenance of the corresponding processing equipment can not be ignored, whether before use or after use. Now let’s understand the preparation process of CNC machining center

  1. During precision CNC machining, the workpiece should be put down gently to prevent damage to the worktable; When the CNC machining workpiece is heavy, the bearing capacity of the machine tool table should also be verified, and the CNC machining machine tool is not allowed to overload.
  2. CNC machining program should be checked before it can run. When using CNC machining high-speed function, it is necessary to confirm the matching of cutting tools and the reasonable selection of parameters.
  3. After the operator starts the CNC machine tool, check whether the movement of the spindle and worktable in all directions is normal, whether there is abnormal noise, etc., and stop the operation immediately after finding the problem.
  4. In the process of precision parts processing, we should always pay attention to whether the movement and processing state of the machine tool are normal or not. In case of noise and alarm, the machine should be shut down immediately for inspection and treatment, and the CNC machine can continue to process after troubleshooting.
About CNC Turniing

ken.tang @ chengcg.com

Precision parameter control of CNC machining

In the machining industry, CNC processing is also known as computer gong processing. It refers to the processing steps that are completed by the NC command of the programmer. Now let’s take a look at the accuracy parameters of CNC machining. It is mainly the level that the specific geometric parameters (specification, shape and position) of CNC parts are consistent with the ideal geometric parameters. Detailed understanding of the following parameters:

In the process of machining mechanical parts and small batch parts, CNC machining accuracy usually includes three levels of parameters: specification accuracy, shape accuracy and position accuracy.

  1. Shape and specification parameters of CNC machining

The specific specification of the surface itself or the middle of the surface after machining of CNC parts is consistent with that of the ideal part. The ideal part processing specification refers to the median value of the specification indicated on the part drawing.

  1. Shape precision parameters of CNC machining

The specific shape of the machined surface of CNC parts is consistent with that of the ideal parts. The ideal surface shape of a part refers to the positive surface geometry shape.

  1. Position precision parameters of CNC parts processing

After CNC parts are processed, the specific parts of each surface are consistent with the parts of each surface of the ideal parts. The position between the surfaces of ideal parts refers to the positive position between the surfaces.

The above is the precision parameter control of CNC machining. For different shapes, shapes, simplicity and complexity, it is necessary to select appropriate processing parameters to improve CNC machining efficiency and ensure the machining accuracy of parts.

About CNC Turniing

ken.tang @ chengcg.com

Surface treatment technology of CNC machining

In the field of precision CNC machining, the working performance and service life of parts with high requirements for strength and toughness are closely related to their surface properties. However, the improvement of surface treatment performance can not be achieved simply by relying on materials, which is also very uneconomic. However, in the actual processing, its performance must meet the standard. At this time, surface treatment technology is needed . Let’s take a look at the surface treatment process of CNC machining

  1. Hardware mold industry, CNC processing of mold accessories, process polishing technology is a very important link, but also an important process in the process of workpiece processing. The surface treatment process of precision mechanical parts is very important in the process of processing. It is worth reminding that the polishing of the mold surface of precision parts is not only affected by the process and polishing equipment, but also affected by the specularity of the parts. This point has not been paid enough attention in the current processing, which also shows that the polishing place is very important The process itself is affected by the material.
  2. Precision CNC machining. At present, the machining technology to improve the surface properties of precision parts is constantly upgraded. However, the main applications in the machining of precision CNC parts are hardening film deposition, nitriding and carburizing technology. Because the nitriding technology can obtain a high level of surface properties, and the nitriding technology process has a very high consistency with the quenching process of steel in precision parts.
  3. Surface treatment details. The temperature of nitriding is very low, so there is no need for intense cooling process after nitriding technology treatment, so the deformation of precision machined parts will be very small. Therefore, nitriding technology is also one of the early technologies used to strengthen the surface properties of precision mechanical parts, which is widely used at present.
About CNC Turniing

ken.tang @ chengcg.com

Steps of precision CNC machining

Before precise CNC machining line, each processing method has its processing sequence. Our operators need to process according to their processing order, but they can’t process at will, which will have a certain impact on the processed products or quality problems. Precision machining is one of them. What is the sequence of CNC machining? For precision parts, machining must be based on the structure of the parts and the condition of the blank, as well as the requirements of positioning and clamping. The key point is that the rigidity of the workpiece is not damaged. There are the following points

1、 The familiar understanding of precision parts processing technology can be divided into several points

  1. How to deal with the previous process will not affect the positioning and clamping of the next process. The middle cross section has a general fine parts processing process.
  2. First stop the adding process of the inner cavity, and then stop the shape processing process.
  3. It is better to use the same positioning, clamping method or the same tool to stop the process, so as to reduce the times of repeated positioning, tool change and the number of moving platens. Dongguan Machinery processing factory method.
  4. In the multiple processes stopped in the same device, the process of destroying the workpiece stiffness should be arranged first.

2、 Tool concentration sequence method: the whole process is divided according to the tools used by precision machining manufacturers, and all parts on the parts can be completed by using the same tools. Other parts can be completed successfully by using other tools. This can reduce the number of tool change, shorten the dead time and reduce unnecessary positioning error.

3、 Sorting method of processing parts: for parts with a large number of processing contents, according to their structural characteristics, processing parts can be partially red, such as internal shape, shape, surface or plane. Common processing plane, positioning surface, after processing hole; first processing simple geometry, and then processing complex geometry; first processing low precision parts, and processing high precision parts.

About CNC Turniing

ken.tang @ chengcg.com

Causes of CNC machining accuracy

In the field of machining industry, what are the reasons for the influence of CNC machining accuracy?

  1. The first is the error of position influence: it usually refers to the mutual position change or deviation degree of the actual surface, axis or symmetry plane of the machined part relative to its ideal position, such as perpendicularity, position degree, symmetry degree, etc.
  2. Machine error: the error of the machine itself usually refers to the dead angle error. The main causes of position error are the machining error caused by the gap and elastic deformation of the transmission in the machining process of machine tool parts, and the position error caused by the friction that the tool head needs to overcome in the machining process. In the open-loop system, the position accuracy is greatly affected, while in the closed-loop servo system, the position accuracy mainly depends on the displacement detection.
  3. Geometric error: machining accuracy error caused by geometric error of CNC machining. In the process of CNC machining, the geometric accuracy of the machine tool is affected by external factors such as external force and heat generated in the process. The geometric deformation of the parts processed on the machine tool will lead to geometric error. According to research, there are two main reasons for geometric error of CNC machine tools: internal factors and external factors. The internal factors that cause the geometric errors of machine tools refer to the geometric errors caused by the factors of machine tools, such as the levelness of machine tool table, the levelness and straightness of machine tool guide rail, the geometric accuracy of machine tools and fixtures, etc. The external factors mainly refer to the geometric errors caused by the influence of external environment and thermal deformation. For example, the geometric errors caused by the thermal expansion and deformation of cutting tools or parts in the cutting process will affect the machining accuracy of machine tools and parts.
  4. Cumulative error: from the long-term data analysis and actual operation of parts processing, we can see the machining accuracy error caused by CNC machine positioning. The positioning of machine tool has a great influence on the machining accuracy of NC machine tool. From the structure point of view, the machining error of CNC machine tool is mainly caused by the positioning accuracy, and the feed system of machine tool is the main link affecting the positioning accuracy. The feed system of CNC machine tool is usually composed of mechanical transmission system and electrical control system. In structural design, positioning accuracy is related to mechanical transmission system. In the closed-loop system, CNC machine tools usually can prevent the position deviation of the main parts (such as ball screw and other parts) in the feed system by positioning detection device. However, for the open-loop system, due to many factors and complex conditions, it is impossible to carry out positioning monitoring, so the machining accuracy of CNC machine tools is greatly affected.

The above explanation is the reason for the influence of CNC machining accuracy in Dongguan. I hope it will be helpful to you after reading.

About CNC Turniing

ken.tang @ chengcg.com

CNC precision parts processing precautions

We need to understand a lot of precautions before processing, to avoid that we still have a lot of things we don’t understand in the later processing. After understanding, we can better help us work, reduce the occurrence of fault problems, and ensure the quality of products. These are closely related to the matters we need to pay attention to, so let’s understand the precision parts What should be paid attention to when processing?

  1. Before mechanical work, check whether the moving part is filled with lubricating oil, then start and check whether the clutch and brake are normal, and idle the machine for 1-3 minutes. It is strictly forbidden to operate when the machine is faulty.
  2. When working, keep the right posture, have enough spirit to deal with the work, if you find that you feel unwell, you should leave the job immediately and report to the leader. The operator must not operate in the state of irritability and fatigue, so as to avoid accidents and ensure operation safety. Before entering the post, all employees should check whether their clothes meet the work requirements. Slippers, high-heeled shoes and clothes affecting safety are not allowed. Those with long hair should wear safety helmets.
  3. When replacing the die, first turn off the power supply, and then start to install and debug the die after the punch movement department stops running. After the installation and adjustment, move the flywheel by hand for trial punching twice to check whether the upper and lower dies are symmetrical and reasonable, whether the screws are firm, and whether the blank holder is in a reasonable position.
  4. It is necessary to wait for all other personnel to leave the mechanical working area and take away the debris on the workbench before starting the power supply to start the machine.
  5. When the machine works, it is forbidden to extend the hand into the slider working area, and it is forbidden to take and place the workpiece by hand. The standard tools must be used when taking and placing the workpiece in the die. In case of abnormal sound or machine failure, turn off the power switch immediately for inspection. After the machine is started, one person shall transport materials and operate the machine. Other people shall not press the electric building or step on the foot switch board, nor put their hands into the working area of the machine or touch the moving parts of the machine with their hands.
  6. When off duty, turn off the idle power, and sort out the finished products, leftover materials and sundries on the post to ensure the clean and safe working environment.
About CNC Turniing

ken.tang @ chengcg.com

Advantages of CNC processing

CNC machining is also called numerical control machining

Before programming, it is necessary to analyze the process of the processed parts, draw up the processing plan, select the appropriate tool, and determine the cutting parameters. In programming, some technological problems such as tool setting and machining route need to be dealt with. Therefore, the process analysis in programming is very important. When processing parts on ordinary machine tools, the operation procedure of each process is specified by the process specification or process card, and the operator processes the parts according to the steps specified in the process card. When machining parts on CNC machine tools, it is necessary to program all the technological process, technological parameters and displacement data to control the machining of machine tools. The processing technology of NC machine tool is basically the same as that of ordinary machine tool in principle, but the whole process of NC machining is automatic, so it has its own advantages

  1. Reduce the number of tooling, add the complex shape of Du parts, do not need complex tooling. If Dao wants to change the shape and size of parts, it only needs to modify the processing program of parts, which is suitable for the development and modification of new products.
  2. The machining quality is stable, the machining accuracy is high, and the repetition accuracy is high, which can meet the machining requirements of aircraft.
  3. In the case of multi variety and small batch production, the production efficiency is high, which can reduce the time of production preparation, machine adjustment and process inspection, and reduce the cutting time due to the use of the best cutting quantity.
  4. It can process complex surface which is difficult to be processed by conventional methods, and even process some parts which cannot be observed.
  5. The arrangement of working steps is more detailed

This is because the problems that need not be considered in the processing technology of ordinary machine tools, such as the arrangement of working steps in the process, the determination of tool setting point, tool changing point and processing route, can not be ignored when compiling the processing technology of CNC machine tools.

  1. CNC machining has high efficiency, high machining accuracy, low labor intensity and strong adaptability to different workpieces.
About CNC Turniing

ken.tang @ chengcg.com

Working principle of CNC machining

Every processing technology has its own working principle. If we want to know what the working principle of a processing technology is, we only know that CNC processing is one of them. What is the working principle of CNC processing?

The control system of CNC machining center can generally control the machine tool to stop, change direction and speed automatically according to the digital program instruction. It can automatically control the feed speed, direction and processing path to process. It can select the cutting tool and adjust the cutting amount and walking track according to the cutting tool size, and can end all kinds of auxiliary actions required in the processing.

CNC machining structure CNC lathe is also composed of headstock, turret, feed transmission system, bed, hydraulic system, cooling system, lubrication system and other parts, but CNC lathe feed system and horizontal lathe feed system in the structure is essentially different, typical CNC lathe mechanical structure composition diagram. The movement of the horizontal lathe spindle is transmitted to the tool rest through the change gear frame, feed box and slide box to end the longitudinal and transverse feed movement. The CNC lathe is to select servo motor, through the ball screw to slide plate and turret, end Z direction (longitudinal) and set direction (transverse) feed movement. Fine CNC machining also has the function of various threads. The movement between spindle rotation and tool rest movement is controlled by CNC system.

About CNC Turniing

ken.tang @ chengcg.com

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