October 2020 – Page 4 – CNC Machining & Turning, Milling, Metal parts

High speed computer gong processing feeder

The basic knowledge of high speed computer gong processing feeding mechanism

Auxiliary device computer gong processing index control feed machine some necessary supporting parts, to ensure the operation of CNC feeder, such as cooling, chip removal, lubrication, lighting, monitoring, etc. It includes hydraulic and pneumatic devices, chip removal device, exchange table, CNC turntable and CNC dividing head, as well as cutting tools and monitoring and detecting devices.
Driving device high speed Gong machining is the driving part of the executive mechanism of NC feeding machine, including spindle drive unit, feed unit, spindle motor and feed motor. Under the control of the electric servo system or hydraulic control of the spindle. When several feed linkage, positioning, straight line, plane curve and space curve processing can be completed.
The main machine is the main body of CNC feeding machine, including body, column, spindle, feed mechanism and other mechanical parts. It is a mechanical part used to complete various cutting processes. Programming and other auxiliary equipment: it can be used to program and store parts outside the machine.
High speed Gong machining of CNC device is the core of NC feeding machine, including hardware (printed circuit board, CRT display, key box, paper tape reader, etc.) and corresponding software, which are used to input digital part program, complete input information storage, data transformation, interpolation calculation and realize various control functions. Basic requirements of large CNC machining system
In the process of large CNC machining, the worktable may require forward or reverse operation at any time according to the shape of machining track. CNC lathe machining center prompts you to consider the conversion of electrical energy and mechanical energy between starting and braking during forward and reverse operation, so as to realize rapid braking.
In order to adapt to different processing conditions, servo has a wide range of speed regulation and excellent speed control characteristics.
High rigidity and high speed stability servo for large CNC machining should keep the feed rate constant under different load conditions or when the cutting conditions change, which requires the servo to have excellent static and dynamic load characteristics.

In order to ensure the contour cutting shape accuracy and low surface roughness of the machined surface, the servo should have good fast response characteristics and no overshoot.

High precision in order to meet the machining accuracy, it is necessary to ensure the positioning accuracy and feed accuracy of the machine tool, that is to say, the servo should have high static resolution, and the dynamic characteristics should be at least a first-order error free system.
Large CNC machining low speed and high torque, the characteristics of machine tool processing is cutting at low speed, the feed drive should ensure rated torque output at low speed, that is to say, servo should have constant torque output.

Function debugging of high speed computer gong machine tool accuracy

High speed computer gongs use precision level instrument and other detection tools, mainly by adjusting the pad iron way to fine adjust the level of the main bed of the machine tool, so that the geometric accuracy of the machine tool can reach the allowable tolerance range;
For the automatic tool change device, adjust the position of the tool magazine, manipulator, travel parameters, etc., and then check the action with the command, which is required to be accurate;
For the machine tool with APC automatic exchange table, after adjusting the relative position, carry out automatic load exchange;
After the adjustment of the machine tool, carefully check whether the parameter setting values in the numerical control system and the programmable controller conform to the data specified in the random index, and then test the main operation functions, safety measures, execution of common instructions, etc.
Mold processing to check the machine tool auxiliary function and accessories normal work. It is usually composed of CNC system, main drive system, feed servo system, cooling smooth system and so on. 1. The spindle box contains the spindle box and spindle drive system, which is used to clamp and rotate the cutter. The spindle speed scale and output torque have a direct impact on the machining. 2. The feed servo system is composed of feed motor and feed actuator. According to the feed rate set by the program, the relative motion between the tool and the workpiece is completed, including linear feed motion and rotary motion. 3. Control system CNC milling machine motion control in the middle of the implementation of NC machining program control machine tools for processing. 4. Auxiliary equipment such as hydraulic, pneumatic, smooth, cooling system and chip removal, protection and other equipment. 5. The base parts of high-speed computer gong machine tools usually refer to the base, column, beam, etc., which are the foundation and structure of the whole machine tool. Die making technology of extrusion die for high speed CNC machining of aluminum profile 1. Due to the bad working conditions of aluminum alloy extrusion tools and dies, high temperature, high pressure and high friction are required in high-speed CNC machining. Therefore, high-strength heat-resistant alloy steel is required. The melting, casting, forging, heat treatment, electrical machining, mechanical processing and surface treatment of these steels are very complex, which brings about the development of die and mold A series of difficulties. 2. In order to improve the service life of tools and moulds and ensure the surface quality of products, it is required that the roughness of the working belt of the die cavity should reach 0.8-0.4 μ m, and the roughness of the die plane should be less than 1.6 μ M. therefore, special polishing process and polishing equipment should be adopted when making the mold. 3. Due to the development of extrusion products in the direction of high precision and sharp, the wall thickness requirement of some profiles and pipes is reduced to about 0.5mm, and the tolerance of extruded products is required to reach ± 0.05mm. In order to extrude such ultra-high precision products, the manufacturing accuracy of dies is required to reach 0.01mm

Wheeled Construction Machinery

The fuel consumption of Wheeled Construction machinery is one of the major construction costs. Therefore, the fuel oil with freezing point 3-5 ℃ lower than the minimum temperature should be selected according to the temperature of the construction area. The fuel saving measures for construction transport vehicles and engines are as follows:

(1) Try to reduce the weight of the vehicle. Increasing vehicle weight will increase fuel consumption correspondingly. Therefore, unnecessary additional equipment should be removed from the vehicle during construction without affecting the project quality

(2) The resistance to acceleration and fuel consumption should be reduced as much as possible.

In construction, if the speed is below 400km / h, the air resistance can be ignored. It should be noted that the rolling resistance. When the vehicle is driving on an uneven road surface, the deformation of suspension device and tire increases due to its frequent jumping, resulting in a large increase in rolling resistance. Compared with the situation of driving on good road surface, the fuel consumption increases by 30% – 50%. Therefore, it is necessary to repair and maintain the construction access road. At the same time, the tire pressure has a great influence on the rolling resistance. If the tire pressure is reduced on the hard road surface, the tire deformation will be large and the rolling resistance will be increased; if the tire pressure is reduced on the soft road surface, the contact area between the tire and the ground will increase, and the pressure per unit area will decrease, which will reduce the rolling resistance. Therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to the changes of road conditions in construction and select appropriate tire pressure to reduce fuel consumption.

The transmission ratio of each gear of vehicle transmission has a great influence on fuel consumption. The high-speed gear with small transmission ratio should be selected as far as possible in construction, so as to save fuel.

(3) Increase the engine compression ratio to the standard value. The compression ratio of diesel engine is generally between 16 and 22. With the increase of compression ratio, the temperature and pressure at the end of compression are increased, which is beneficial to the combustion and expansion of the mixture, the thermal efficiency of the engine is improved, the effective power is increased and the fuel consumption is reduced. The specific measures are as follows:

Reduce the resistance of the intake system. The filter should be cleaned and maintained in time to ensure that there is enough air to enter the cylinder in time.

Keep the vehicle in good condition. For the engine cylinder pressure, the general diesel engine should not be less than 20% of the original engine standard pressure, gasoline engine is not less than 30%. For the pressure difference between each cylinder, the diesel engine is generally required to be no more than 8%, and the gasoline engine is not more than 10%. If the cylinder pressure does not reach the specified standard, grind the valve and replace the piston ring as required. It should also be noted that the carbon deposit in the combustion chamber will make the compression ratio increase automatically. If the compression ratio is too high and the carbon deposit is too high, it is easy to cause the cylinder deflagration and increase the fuel consumption. Therefore, it is very necessary to remove the carbon deposit. In addition, the clearance between the inlet and exhaust valves must be adjusted to the specified value, because the fuel consumption will be increased if the clearance is too large or too small.

(4) Good engine fuel supply angle in advance. If the fuel supply advance angle is too large or too small, the fuel consumption of the engine will increase. Therefore, in order to make the engine have good performance, the fuel supply advance angle must be calibrated.

(5) Reduce fuel consumption per unit load. If the vehicle condition permits, the productivity can be increased and the fuel consumption per unit weight can be significantly reduced by increasing the vehicle load to the rated load.

(6) Master the economic speed. In construction, the roads are generally informal roads, that is, access roads. In this case, the correct relationship between safety, fuel consumption and vehicle speed should be grasped. Taking the half load of Tatra T815 as an example, the relationship between fuel consumption and vehicle speed is: when the vehicle speed is 25-30km / h, the fuel consumption is the least, that is, in the construction, this speed can not only ensure the production efficiency, but also be economical and reasonable.

(7) Choose lubricating oil correctly. The selection of lubricating oil is the key factor to reduce power consumption and fuel consumption. Different specifications and brands of lubricating oil should be selected in winter and summer.

First of all, strictly abide by the tire inflation standards, check whether the ministries and commissions have air leakage after inflation, and regularly check the tire pressure to ensure compliance with the standards. Develop the habit of using a barometer to measure air pressure. Do not judge with naked eyes. Ensure that the tire has a certain elasticity, when bearing the specified load, make its deformation not exceed the specified range, and ensure the vehicle has good stability and comfort in driving. The pressure of the spare tire should be higher to avoid running away for a long time.

Secondly, it is necessary to select and install the tire correctly, and use the corresponding inner tube according to the tire specification. Tires assembled on the same machine shall be of the same brand, structure and performance. If this is not possible, tyres of the same brand, specification, pattern and type should be assembled on the same axle; when replacing new tires, the whole vehicle or coaxial should be changed at the same time; tires with directional patterns should be installed in accordance with the specified rolling direction; when replacing new tires, the new tires should be installed on the front wheels, and the repaired tires should be installed on the rear wheels. In order to ensure driving safety, the retreaded tires are not allowed to be used as steering wheels (front wheels).

Third, regular tire rotation. After the vehicle has been running for a period of time, the front and rear tires are different in terms of fatigue and wear. Therefore, it is necessary to change the position in time according to the regulations. There are two ways to change tires: cross method and cycle method. The cross transposition method is suitable for the vehicles which often drive on the road with greater camber, while the cyclic transposition method is suitable for the vehicles that often drive on the flat road.

Fourth, it is also necessary to control the temperature of the tire. In the process of driving, the tire will generate heat due to friction and deformation, which will increase the temperature and pressure inside the tire. When the temperature of the tire is very high, we can’t use the method of deflating and depressurizing, and we can’t pour water on the tire to reduce the temperature, so as to avoid accelerating the damage of the tire. Should be in

Machining – turning

Turning is to change the shape and size of the blank by using the rotary motion of the workpiece and the linear or curvilinear motion of the cutter on the lathe, so as to meet the requirements of the drawing.

Turning is a method of cutting workpiece on a lathe by rotating the workpiece relative to the cutter. The cutting energy of turning is mainly provided by the workpiece rather than the cutter. Turning is the most basic and common cutting method, which plays an important role in production. Turning is suitable for machining rotary surface. Most of the workpieces with rotary surface can be machined by turning method, such as inner and outer cylindrical surface, inner and outer cone surface, end face, groove, thread and rotary forming surface, etc. the tool used is mainly turning tool.

In all kinds of metal cutting machine tools, lathe is the most widely used one, accounting for about 50% of the total number of machine tools. The lathe can be used not only for turning the workpiece, but also for drilling, reaming, tapping and knurling with drills, reamers, taps and knurling cutters. According to the different process characteristics, layout forms and structural characteristics, lathes can be divided into horizontal lathe, floor lathe, vertical lathe, turret lathe and profiling lathe, and most of them are horizontal lathes.

The ideal processing program should not only ensure the qualified workpiece in accordance with the drawing, but also make the function of CNC machine tool be reasonably applied and fully developed. CNC machine tool is a kind of high efficiency automation equipment, its efficiency is 2 ~ 3 times higher than ordinary machine tool. In order to give full play to this characteristic of CNC machine tool, we must analyze the process of workpiece before programming, and select economic and reasonable process scheme according to specific conditions. The improper consideration of turning process is an important factor affecting the machining quality, production efficiency and processing cost of CNC machine tools. It is a process of changing the overall dimension or performance of workpieces with processing machinery. According to the temperature state of the workpiece to be processed, it can be divided into cold working and hot working. Generally, it is processed at normal temperature and does not cause chemical or physical changes of the workpiece, which is called cold working. Generally, the processing above or below the normal temperature will cause the chemical or physical phase changes of the workpiece, which is called thermal processing. Cold working can be divided into cutting and pressure machining according to the difference of processing methods. Heat treatment, forging, casting and welding are common in hot working. There are two steps in the formulation of machining process specification. First of all, it is to draw up the process route of parts processing, and then determine the process size of each process, the equipment and process equipment used, as well as the cutting specifications, man hour quota, etc. These two steps are interrelated and should be analyzed comprehensively.

The main task is to select the processing method of each surface, determine the processing sequence of each surface, and the number of processes in the whole process.

General principles for drawing up process routes

Machining datum plane first

In the process of machining parts, the surface as positioning reference should be machined first, so as to provide precise reference for subsequent processing as soon as possible. It is called “benchmark first”.

Dividing processing stages

The surface with high machining quality is divided into three stages: rough machining, semi finishing and finishing. It is mainly to ensure the processing quality, to use the equipment reasonably, to arrange the heat treatment process, and to find the blank defects easily.

Face before hole

For parts such as box, bracket and connecting rod, the plane should be machined first and then the hole should be processed. In this way, the hole can be processed by plane positioning, which can ensure the position accuracy of plane and hole, and the machining of hole on the plane is convenient.

Finishing

The finishing of the main surface (such as grinding, honing, finishing grinding / rolling, etc.) shall be carried out at the last stage of the process route. The surface finish after processing shall be ra0.8um. Slight collision will damage the surface. In Japan, Germany and other countries, after finishing, flannel shall be used for protection. It is absolutely forbidden to directly contact the workpiece with hands or other objects to avoid polishing The finished surface is damaged due to transportation and installation between processes.

Machining surface quality refers to the micro unevenness of the machined surface of parts after machining, also known as roughness. It is indicated by three codes of RA / RZ / ry and numbers. There will be corresponding surface quality requirements in mechanical drawings. Generally, the surface with surface roughness Ra < 0.8um is called mirror surface. The surface quality after machining directly affects the physical, chemical and mechanical properties of the workpiece. The working performance, reliability and service life of products depend on the surface quality of main parts to a great extent. Generally speaking, the surface quality requirements of important or key parts are higher than that of ordinary parts. Machining this is because the table and good quality parts will greatly improve its wear resistance, corrosion resistance and fatigue damage resistance

Deburring in NC machining

This is to use electrical and chemical energy to dissolve anode and remove burr. The anode is on the side of the positive pole of the part and the DC power supply. The cathode is connected with the forming tool and the negative pole of the DC power supply. There is a certain gap between the two poles to make the electrolyte circulate. When the anode and cathode are immersed in the solution and connected with direct current, electrochemical reaction occurs on the anode surface. The dissolved metal on the surface of the part forms viscous liquid with high resistance and small corrosion. The burr protrudes from the surface of the part, and the liquid film is difficult to form under the influence of temperature difference. After power on, the power line is highly concentrated on the burr The burr nearest to the cathode will be dissolved at the fastest speed until the burr is completely dissolved and the edge gradually forms a fillet, that is to say, the purpose of deburring is achieved.

Electrolytic deburring machine can be used. When the production volume is not large, a simple equipment can be made by converting the alternating current of rectifier into direct current. According to the structure of the parts, the special fixture (tool cathode) similar to the part shape is made of brass or red copper and other conductive materials. The unprocessed parts are coated with epoxy resin for isolation protection. The commonly used electrolytes are NaCl, NaNO2 > and nano > 3.

This method is suitable for nonferrous and ferrous metal parts, especially for parts with complex shape and burr on inner hole, cross hole and inner surface which are difficult to remove by mechanical and manual methods. It can remove the burr of extra hard parts such as molybdenum, nickel, titanium and quenched parts. Put the cleaned metal parts into the chemical solution (50 ℃), and the metal on the surface of the parts will be transferred to the solution in the form of ions. These ions gather on the surface of the workpiece and form a layer of sticky film with high resistance and low conductivity through chemical reaction to protect the workpiece surface from corrosion. The burr protrudes from the surface, and the chemical action will remove the burr. When processing, only one slot can be used. According to the different materials of deburring workpiece, different chemical solutions are used. The main components of the base can be hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid, diphenylaniline hydrochloride and water. Chemical deburring is suitable for small metal parts, and can remove fine burr with thickness less than 0.07 mm.

Milling: refers to the use of rotating multi edge cutting tools to cut workpiece, is a high efficiency processing method. When working, the tool rotates (as the main motion), and the workpiece moves (as the feed motion), and the workpiece can also be fixed, but at this time, the rotating tool must also move (complete the main motion and feed motion at the same time). There are horizontal milling machine or vertical milling machine and large gantry milling machine. These machine tools can be ordinary machine tools or CNC machine tools.

1) Plane parts

The characteristics of plane parts are shown in that the machining surface can be parallel to or perpendicular to the horizontal plane, and can also form a fixed angle with the horizontal plane. At present, most of the parts processed on the CNC milling machine belong to the plane type parts, and the plane parts are the simplest type of parts in the NC milling process. Generally, only the two axis linkage or three axis of the three-dimensional CNC milling machine is needed Linkage can be processed. In the process of machining, the machining surface is in contact with the cutter, and the end mill or nose cutter can be used for rough and finish machining.

(2) Curved surface parts

The feature of curved surface parts is that the machining surface is a spatial surface, and the machining surface and milling cutter are always in point contact in the process of machining. Ball end milling cutter is often used for surface finishing.

Computer gong processing milling machine

The milling machine used in machining is very complex, and there are many kinds of milling cutters. “Milling” workpiece is: the workpiece is placed on the worktable and clamped with fixture, and the milling cutter is installed on the spindle. The spindle drives the cutter to rotate at high speed (main motion). The workpiece is driven by the worktable, which can realize the horizontal and vertical movement (feed motion). Under the joint action of the main motion and feed motion of the machine tool, the redundant part of the workpiece is removed. It can process plane, groove and curved surface on milling machine. The strengthening methods of aluminum alloy are as follows:

Solution strengthening

The addition of alloy elements into pure aluminum forms aluminum based solid solution, which causes lattice distortion, hinders the movement of dislocations, and plays a role of solution strengthening, which can improve its strength. According to the general law of alloying, when forming infinite solid solution or high concentration solid solution alloy, not only high strength, but also excellent plasticity and good press workability can be obtained. Al Cu, Al Mg, Al Si, Al Zn, Al Mn binary alloys can generally form finite solid solutions and have high limit solubility (see table 9-2), so they have great solution strengthening effect.

Another strengthening effect of alloying elements on aluminum is achieved by heat treatment. However, the transformation of aluminum during heat treatment is different from that of steel because there is no isomeric transformation of aluminum. The heat treatment strengthening of aluminum alloy is mainly due to the high solid solubility of alloy elements in the aluminum alloy, which decreases sharply with the decrease of temperature. Therefore, the supersaturated aluminum based solid solution can be obtained after the aluminum alloy is heated to a certain temperature and quenched. When the supersaturated aluminum based solid solution is placed at room temperature or heated to a certain temperature, its strength and hardness increase with time, but the plasticity and toughness decrease. This process is called aging. Aging at room temperature is called natural aging, and aging under heating conditions is called artificial aging. The phenomenon of increasing the strength and hardness of aluminum alloy during aging is called aging strengthening or aging hardening. The strengthening effect depends on the aging hardening phenomenon in the aging process.

Excess phase strengthening

If the amount of alloying elements in aluminum exceeds the limit solubility, there will be a part of the second phase which can not be dissolved into the solid solution, which is called excess phase. In aluminum alloys, these excess phases are usually hard and brittle intermetallic compounds. They hinder dislocation movement in the alloy and strengthen the alloy, which is called excess phase strengthening. This method is often used to strengthen cast aluminum alloy and heat resistant aluminum alloy in production. The more the amount of excess phase and the more dispersed the distribution, the greater the strengthening effect. However, if there are too many excess phases, the strength and plasticity will be reduced. The more complex the structure of the excess phase and the higher the melting point, the better the thermal stability at high temperature.

Refine the structure and strengthen it

Many aluminum alloys are composed of α solid solution and excess phase. If the microstructure of aluminum alloy can be refined, including refining α solid solution or refining excess phase, the alloy can be strengthened.

Because of the coarse structure of cast aluminum alloy, modification is often used to refine the alloy structure in actual production. Computer gong machining | mechanical parts processing | CNC machine tool processing | Dongguan high-speed computer gong machining modification is to add 2-3% modifier (commonly used sodium salt mixture: 2 / 3naf + 1 / 3nacl) to the molten aluminum alloy before pouring, so as to increase the crystal core and refine the microstructure. After modification, fine and uniform eutectic and primary α solid solution structure can be obtained, which can significantly improve the strength and plasticity of aluminum alloy.

Computer gong processing – spindle

It is found that there is abnormal sound in the spindle and gearbox when the spindle speed is below 500r / min. observing the power meter of the motor, it is found that the output power of the motor is unstable and the pointer swings greatly. However, the abnormal sound disappeared when it was used above 1201r / min. After startup, the power meter of the motor will swing automatically without rotation command, and the motor will drift and rotate automatically. After normal operation, the braking time is too long, and the machine tool has no alarm.

According to the phenomenon observed, the main shaft controller may be out of control, and the mechanical transmission or motor can not be eliminated. Due to the heavy workload of dismantling the mechanical part, the spindle controller of the electrical part is checked first. The controller is Siemens 6sc-6502. First, check the preset parameters in the controller, and then check the control board, all of which are normal. After checking that the circuit board is dirty, clean the circuit board according to the requirements, but after it is installed, the machine fails as usual. Therefore, the fault causes in the controller can be eliminated temporarily. In order to determine whether the fault is in the motor or in the mechanical transmission part, it is necessary to separate the motor from the machinery. After the separation, it is found that when the motor speed command is close to 450R / min, the abnormal sound starts to appear continuously, but when the instruction of 1201r / Min is given, the abnormal sound disappears again. For this reason, we analyzed the spindle part. The original 450 R / min command given at low speed and 4500r / min command at high speed are the same to the motor at the highest speed, but the gear decelerates at low speed, so the fault can be basically determined in the motor part. After analysis, the abnormal sound may be caused by poor bearing.

When the motor was disassembled for inspection, it was found that the bearing was damaged. When the bearing was stuck at high speed, the load was increased, which made the power meter swing and deflect. But after stopping, the motor drifted and the brake was too slow. After checking, the encoder disc was scratched. After replacing the bearing and encoder, all the faults were eliminated. This fault is mainly due to the abnormal sound when the spindle rotates. Therefore, it is necessary to find out the sound source before checking. Abnormal sound is common for mechanical rubbing, jamming and bearing damage.

CNC machining center spindle orientation usually adopts three ways: magnetic sensor, encoder and mechanical orientation. When using magnetic sensor and encoder, in addition to adjusting the position of components, it can also adjust the machine parameters. There is no alarm when the orientation error occurs, and it can only be detected when there is an interruption in the process of tool change.

Once in a refitted CNC machining center, there was a fault of inaccurate orientation. At the beginning, the machine tool was often interrupted in the work, but the frequency was not many. The machine could work again after restarting, and the fault occurred repeatedly. After careful observation of the machine tool after the fault occurred, it was found that the real cause of the fault was the position deviation of the spindle after orientation. It is strange that if the spindle is touched by hand after orientation (similar to the situation when the tool is inserted into the spindle during tool change), the spindle will drift in the opposite direction. Check the electrical part without any alarm, and the mechanical part is very simple.

The orientation of the machine tool uses encoder, so from the fault phenomenon and possible parts, the possibility of electrical part is relatively small, the most important mechanical connection. Therefore, it was decided to check the mechanical connection part. When checking the connection of the encoder, it was found that the set screw of the coupling sleeve on the encoder was loose, which caused the coupling sleeve to retreat, resulting in excessive clearance between the coupling part and the spindle, and the rotation was not synchronous. The failure was eliminated after the set screw was fixed as required. In case of spindle orientation failure, the analysis and treatment shall be carried out according to the specific structure of the machine tool. The electrical part shall be checked first, and then the mechanical part shall be considered if it is confirmed to be normal.

Domestic die steel and imported die steel

China’s mold industry has experienced rapid development in recent years, and the achievements have been considerable, especially since the beginning of the year, under the guidance of the national twelfth five year plan, the industry vigorously develops high-end precision equipment, and constantly promotes the steady progress of China’s mold industry.

According to experts, due to the development of die and mold industry in recent years to a larger, more precise, more complex and more economic and rapid direction, so the requirements for the miniaturization and precision of its products are higher, which urges China’s mold industry to constantly improve and upgrade technology to adapt to the changing market environment. According to relevant data, in terms of precision plastic mold, China has been able to produce plastic parts mold for camera and mobile phone, multi cavity small module gear mold and 7800 cavity plastic sealing mold with accuracy of 5 μ M.

In recent years, domestic die steel production has made great progress. At present, many domestic steel mills are mass producing some steel grades with strong universality or excellent performance internationally, such as 4Cr5MoSiV1 (equivalent to aisih13), 3Cr2Mo (equivalent to aisip20), 10ni3mncaal, Cr12MolV1 (equivalent to aisid2), etc. Among them, 4Cr5MoSiV1 and 3Cr2Mo are relatively large in production and use, and their research and improvement are also in-depth.

Reducing material cost and improving performance price ratio have become the focus of new die steel development in advanced die steel production enterprises. For example, when Hitachi Metal Co., Ltd. and Datong Special Steel Co., Ltd. introduced their products at the technical exchange meeting during the exhibition, they all agreed to develop dac-magic hot working die steel, hpm-magic and cena1 plastic mold steel and dha-world die-casting die steel to cope with the financial crisis and more fierce market competition.

Generally speaking, some well-known die steel manufacturers abroad still have obvious advantages in the production means, variety specifications, serialization degree, after-sales service and awareness and effect of developing new steel grades. CNC machine tool processing of domestic die steel serialization degree and quality stability is still to be improved; the proportion of production and application of some good performance die steel is still low, the application of most new steel is still small, at the same time, there is a lack of effective means of promotion and sales, post-sale service needs to be improved; in addition, some new steel grades with special performance need to be developed. Improving and perfecting the above shortcomings will still be the main task of die steel development in China in the future.

报错笔记

2020 new design metal parts of cnc machining service

Cnc MachiningType: Broaching, DRILLING, Etching / Chemical Machining, Laser Machining, Milling, Other Machining Services, Rapid Prototyping, Turning, Wire EDM

Material Capabilities: Aluminum, Brass, Bronze, Copper, Hardened Metals, Precious Metals, Stainless Steel, Steel Alloys, Plastic

material: plastic auto spare parts,aluminum auto parts,rubber motor parts

process: painting motorcycle spare parts prototyping

surface treatment: high polish auto spare parts,auto transportation

products: lamp parts prototyping,dash board prototyping,hub parts prototype.

service: car spare parts service,auto spare parts

payment terms: T/T,Paypal

machined:cnc machining,sla laser(3d printing car spare parts),cnc milling

profiles for quotation:STP,X_T and IGS

Color: OEM color spare parts prototyping,customzed any color
order quantity:

we can accept one piece for machining

Calculation of machining cost

Mechanical processing cost calculation must understand the process, in order to estimate the processing time, to quote.

The calculation of machining cost can be said to be very simple or complex. The key depends on your company’s situation. For a large company, you should consider various cutting efficiency, tool performance, machinery and equipment performance, etc. if it is a small mechanical processing plant, according to your expenses, including rent, water and electricity, master’s wages, tool wear, equipment loss, etc., how much should you spend a day, plus your own estimated profit.

You’ll have to finish your parts in three hours. If your profit is 5%, your profit on this part is 15 yuan. In this way, it is very simple. In addition, mechanical processing cost calculation must know the process, in order to estimate the processing time, to quote.

Wire cutting processing fee is generally calculated according to the total cutting area, 0.xx yuan / square millimeter

For example, according to the processing area / 1200 * 8 yuan

There are usually two calculation methods

01 yuan / mm2,
Parts that are too small are generally calculated by piece

In most places, it’s 5cm / m2!

The machining cost of ordinary WEDM is generally calculated according to the wire cutting area, and the workpiece height is also high, and the corresponding price will be high

The price of slow wire cutting is about 10 times that of ordinary wire cutting

In Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces, slow wire processing generally costs 60 yuan per hour (the average cutting efficiency is 40-60mm / min), but the higher precision die cutting costs 80 yuan, because once scrapped, it needs to pay the material cost

Processing time calculation: Processing cross-section area / (1200-1800) = the required time, 1200-1800 is an adjustable parameter, generally taken as 1500, and then multiplied by the hourly processing fee

Fast silk words some can 0.015 yuan mm, also have 0.005 yuan mm

There are also 10 yuan hours

Slow wire cutting tool 0.03mm

Slow wire cutting two cutters 0.038mm

Slow wire cutting with three cutters 0.045mm

Slow wire cutting four cutters 0.055mm

Fast wire is 5 yuan per hour. Generally, each machine can cut 2.5 hours per hour

The cost of WEDM here is basically 10 yuan / hour

WEDM is divided into fast wire and slow wire, and their processing accuracy is different, such as computer gong processing, mechanical parts processing, CNC machine tool processing, Dongguan high-speed computer gong processing

The slow wire can reach 0.001 mm, but the fast wire can’t. I’ve made Sadik’s slow silk. The processing fee is calculated according to the area and also depends on the number of knives. The price of cutting one repair is obviously different from that of cutting a few. If the height of parts processed exceeds one, it will be doubled. If the processed materials are different, their prices are not the same. For example, cutting tungsten steel is twice as much, usually 2-3 times. They can process at least 50 yuan a piece (excluding batch)

Standard charging method: 0.08 yuan / square millimeter

Common wire cutting; sectional area / 1200 * man hour unit price

Standard charging method: batch processing 0.08 yuan / square millimeter, mould 0.12 yuan / square millimeter

The fast one is 8 yuan / hour

Generally, Sodick aq550ls is used to make the first cutting, and the second cutting is about 5 times of the first cutting. The third one is faster!!

Fastwire is about 1200-1800

And then take your own set fee!!

Wire cutting is divided into fast wire and slow wire

Ordinary wire cutting is generally calculated by wire cutting area, and the workpiece height is also high, and the corresponding price will be high

The price of slow wire cutting is about 10 times that of ordinary wire cutting

Processing time calculation: Processing cross-section area / (1200-1800) = the required time, 1200-1800 is an adjustable parameter, generally take 1500, and then multiply the hourly processing fee.

In the case of fast wire, some can be 0.015 yuan mm, and there are 0.005 yuan mm

There are also 10 yuan hours

Slow wire cutting 0.03mm

Two cutting tools 0.038mm

Slow wire cutting three cutters 0.045mm

Professional mechanical processing fee calculation, mechanical processing fee calculation formula, mechanical processing fee calculation method.

The general principle of non-standard parts processing and cutting process arrangement is: the front work must be ready for the later work, lay a good foundation, and do a good service. The working principle of non-standard parts processing can be divided into four aspects

Just like building a house, the foundation determines the height. Only when the foundation is built well can the house be built high. The same is true for precision mechanical parts processing, which always processes the precise datum first, and then processes other surfaces by the precise datum positioning. For example, for box parts, the main hole is generally used as the rough datum to process the plane, and then the plane is used to process the hole system; for the shaft parts, the outer circle is generally used as the rough datum to process the central hole, and then the center hole is used as the fine datum to process the outer circle, end face and other surfaces. If there are several precision datum, the machining of base surface and main surface should be arranged according to the sequence of datum transformation and the principle of gradually improving machining accuracy.

Secondly, the processing sequence of non-standard parts should be determined, and the sequence should be done well. Generally, the main part should be done first

Computer gong processing – stainless steel

The application of large-scale iron plate processing stainless steel shows that the mold working in the chemical corrosive environment must have corrosion resistance, and also requires certain hardness, strength and wear resistance. The common martensitic stainless steels are 2Cr13, 3Cr13, 4Cr13, 3cr17mo, 9Cr18, 9Cr18Mo, cr14mo4v, 1Cr17Ni2, etc. According to the requirements of hardness, several kinds of stainless steels are introduced as follows: 1. The application of medium carbon high chromium corrosion-resistant martensitic stainless steel requires a hardness of about 50-55hrc. The typical stainless steel is 4Cr13, which is medium carbon martensitic stainless steel. After heat treatment, it has high hardness and wear resistance, and is resistant to atmospheric and steam corrosion. It can be used to manufacture plastic mold with certain corrosion resistance. The quenching temperature of the steel is generally 1050 ℃, and the steel has good hardenability. For small plastic molds, air cooling can be used to reduce the heat treatment deformation of the mold; while oil quenching can be used for the large-size mold. The quenched mold is generally tempered at 200-300 ℃, and the hardness after tempering is 50-53hrc. Suitable for manufacturing moulds of plastic products under contractor’s load, high wear resistance and corrosive medium. 2. In the application of high carbon and high chromium stainless steel, high carbon and high chromium stainless steel, such as 9Cr18, cr18mov, cr14mo, cr14mov, can be selected for the corrosion-resistant plastic mold with high hardness and high wear resistance. Taking cr14mov as an example, the carbon content of cr14mov is 1.0% – 1.15%. The steel has good hardenability. The quenching temperature is 1100-1120 ℃, the hardness is more than or equal to 58 HRC, the tempering temperature is 500 ℃, the holding time is 2 h, and the tempering time is 4 times. The hardness of cr14mov steel is greater than or equal to 60 HRC. The steel has high hardness, high wear resistance, good corrosion resistance, and high temperature hardness. It is suitable for manufacturing plastic mold with high load and high wear resistance under the action of corrosive medium. 3. Application of low carbon Cr Ni corrosion resistant stainless steel 1Cr17Ni2 steel belongs to martensitic stainless steel, which has good corrosion resistance to oxygen acids (nitric acid at a certain temperature and concentration, most of organic acids) and salt aqueous solutions; the steel has higher strength and appropriate hardness, but its performance is better than 4Cr13 steel. Therefore, some plastic molds with high corrosion resistance are still made of this type of stainless steel. The quenching temperature range of 1Cr17Ni2 steel is 950-1050 ℃. After quenching, the hardness of steel is 38-40hrc after tempering at 200-300 ℃. If the austenite is transformed into martensite, the hardness can be increased to 42-48hrc. The strength, hardness, wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the steel are higher. The tempering temperature is 600-700 ℃, and the basic structure of the steel is tempered sorbite, which has good combination of strength and toughness and high corrosion resistance. This kind of steel can also be nitrided to improve the wear resistance, anti bite ability and the service life of the die.

According to the parts, quantity and accuracy requirements, the charging method is as follows: 1. General materials for drilling and processing; 2.5 times of the diameter; 2.5 times of the diameter; 0.05; 0.12; 0.12; 0.12 For small holes not less than 0.5 yuan), the basic price * depth diameter ratio * 0.4 shall be charged for general materials with the depth diameter ratio greater than 2.5, the base price * 5 shall be charged for the hole diameter accuracy requirement less than 0.1 mm or the center distance requirement less than 0.1 mm; the tapping charge standard shall be charged according to the tap diameter * 0.2 (with cast iron as the standard, and steel parts with an additional * 1.2) shall be charged at the standard base price * 0.2-0.8 during batch processing (according to the batch size and addition) Ease of work) Computer gong processing, mechanical parts processing, CNC machine tool processing, Dongguan high speed computer gong processing lathe, general precision optical axis machining, for small length diameter ratio and 10, it is charged according to the blank size * 0.2 (the minimum is 5 yuan) ﹥ if the length diameter ratio is greater than 10, it will be charged according to the general optical axis base price * length diameter ratio * 0.15, or the precision requirement is within 0.05mm or the taper is required to be charged by the general optical axis base price * 2 The general step shaft (fan shaft, pump shaft, reducer shaft, grinding wheel shaft, motor shaft, spindle, etc.) is charged at the basic price * 2 for general precision smooth shaft processing, or * 3 for the step shaft with taper, inner and outer rib, or for general-purpose screw, it is processed according to the general precision optical axis Base price * 4 charge the general flange parts according to the material diameter * 0.07, and the diameter greater than 430mm is charged according to the material diameter * 0.12. \General round nut parts are charged according to diameter * 0.25 (including materials) generally trapezoidal, triangle nut parts are charged by diameter * 0.3 (excluding materials); (general shaft sleeve parts (diameter less than 100, diameter length ratio less than 2) are charged by material outer diameter * 0.2, and those with diameter length ratio more than 2 are charged according to diameter length ratio * base price * 0.6. Generally repair bearing platform parts with wear loss less than 2mm, diameter less than 40mm and width less than 25m M each 5 yuan, need to be on the central shelf, or the length of more than 1.7 meters of the base price * 2 charge. If the diameter is greater than 40mm, it shall be charged according to the diameter * 0.2. \For milling machine processing, general keyway processing (length width ratio less than 10) keyway width * 0.5 (minimum 5 yuan). If the aspect ratio exceeds 10, it shall be charged according to the aspect ratio * base price * 0.1. If there is strict position requirement, it will be charged according to the base price * 2. Processing of materials with hardness greater than hrc40