In the mechanical processing industry, the materials often come into contact with include aluminum and aluminum alloy, copper, alloy steel, POM steel, carbon steel, etc. the following is about the basic knowledge of the materials often come into contact with in the mechanical processing industry, so as to understand the basic functions:
Machining manufacturers, any parts or tools need to be processed, in the process of assembly or use, often subject to various forms of external forces. For example, the steel cable on the heavy-duty machine is subject to the tension of the suspended object; When the connecting rod of diesel engine transmits power, it is not only affected by tensile force, but also by impact force; Shaft parts are subject to bending moment, torsion and so on. Take a look at the following understanding of different materials:
First understand the common aluminum, aluminum alloy materials. It is made of aluminum and other alloy elements. It is usually processed into castings, forgings, foils, plates, belts, tubes, rods, profiles, etc., and then made by cold bending, sawing, drilling, assembling, coloring and other processes. The main metal element is aluminum, in addition to some alloy elements, improve the performance of aluminum. Common automation equipment accessories, 4G mobile communication accessories, medical equipment accessories processing and so on, most are replaced by aluminum. Because the density of aluminum is small, the requirements for cutting tools are not high, so it is one of the best materials for machining.
Look at copper, which is made of pure copper or copper alloy in various shapes, including bar, plate, strip, strip, tube, foil, etc. The processing methods of copper include rolling, extrusion and drawing. The plate and strip of copper include hot rolling and cold rolling; The strip and foil are cold rolled; Tubes and bars are divided into extruded products and drawn products; There are many specifications of copper, which are often contacted in the process of machining. The main advantage of copper is fast heating.
Alloy steel material has a history of more than 100 years. It is made of alloy steel. In addition to iron and carbon, other alloy elements are added to the steel, which is called alloy steel. The iron carbon alloy is made by adding one or more alloy elements on the basis of ordinary carbon steel. According to the different adding elements and adopting appropriate processing technology, special properties such as high strength, high toughness, wear resistance, corrosion resistance, low temperature resistance, high temperature resistance and non magnetism can be obtained. Mainly because of its high hardness, it has special requirements for cutting tools. Suitable for high hardness parts design requirements.
POM saigang is also plastic. POM mainly refers to polyoxymethylene, which is a linear polymer with no side chain, high density and high crystallinity. Main features: it is not necessary to dry the material before processing. It is better to preheat the material during processing (about 80 ℃), which is good for the dimensional stability of the product. In the machining process, different processing methods are selected according to the requirements of the workpiece. POM saigang is widely used in general fixture fixture. Because of its light material density, the finished product is not heavy and easy to operate.
Finally, look at carbon steel. In the machining industry, carbon steel is also called carbon steel, which refers to iron carbon alloy with carbon content less than 2.11%. In addition to carbon, carbon steel generally contains a small amount of silicon, manganese, sulfur and phosphorus. Materials are mainly used in mechanical parts of non alloy steel, generally after surface heat treatment processing.
So it is the basic understanding of the materials often contacted by the machining industry.
ken. tang@chengcg.com
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