CNC lathe machining center is a common name of CNC lathe. The key difference between turning and milling is that it is mainly used for the machining of rotary parts such as shafts, ring parts, disk parts and threads.
CNC lathe can be divided into horizontal CNC lathe and vertical CNC Lathe according to spindle configuration. There are many kinds of horizontal CNC lathe. The function of early CNC lathe is relatively simple, only x, Z axis linkage function to achieve digital control turning processing. Based on the need of expanding the processing range on the CNC lathe, the power tool is added to the tool holder of the NC lathe, and the milling function is increased. On this basis, the turning and milling machining center is developed. However, the processing range of the traditional turning and milling machining center is limited due to the fact that the cutting tool of the CNC lathe always faces the rotation center of the spindle Drilling, reaming, reaming, etc. toward the spindle rotation center. With the continuous development of numerical control technology, as well as the requirements of new product development and rapid response, the main structure of CNC equipment forms serialization and modularization, increases Y-axis and its rotation axis, and develops into a real turning and milling machining center.
As one of the important parts of CNC lathe, the turret determines the overall layout and working performance of CNC lathe. There are turret turret and linear array turret. Turret turret is the most common horizontal CNC lathe.
Numerical control lathe is very popular in the factory, and it plays an important role in the field of processing as the machining center. Industrial statistics show that CNC lathes are generally considered to be relatively simple compared with machining centers, although CNC lathes can produce high-quality parts. CNC lathe is mainly used to process high-precision, good surface quality requirements of rotary parts, so it needs few programs and start-up operation, but this does not mean that CNC lathe can not be used for processing short cycle and ordinary parts, just because the ratio of parts to be machined by turning is much higher than that by milling.
- Characteristics of CNC lathe
(1) CNC lathe can automatically complete the following operations: spindle speed change, forward and reverse rotation, start or stop, feed and rapid movement in two coordinate directions, release, rotation and clamping of tool rest, switch of cutting fluid, etc.
(2) The feed of NC turning tool must be connected with the rotation of the spindle, because the turning of NC lathe is calculated by the number of pulse equivalent that the turning tool moves along the feed direction when the spindle rotates a circle.
(3) Since the dimension marking and measurement of part design drawings are diameter values, in order to improve the accuracy of radial dimension and facilitate programming and measurement, X-direction pulse equivalent is taken as half of Z-direction, so when the diameter direction is programmed with absolute value, x-coordinate value is expressed as diameter value. When using incremental programming, the program is programmed by twice the actual radial displacement, and the direction symbol is attached.
(4) When machining parts with horizontal CNC lathe, based on the needs of surface quality and machining accuracy of the parts, the spindle must have a large speed range, which can adopt either constant surface speed or constant speed.
(5) It has the function of tool compensation and skip instruction.
(6) CNC lathe is usually a two coordinate machine tool, which can realize two coordinate (x, z) linkage processing of revolving body contour parts.
(7) Due to the large machining allowance of blank and die forging, CNC lathe often has different forms of fixed cycle function, which can carry out a variety of turning cycles
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