The key of preventive maintenance of CNC machine tool is to strengthen daily maintenance. The main maintenance work includes the following contents: daily inspection, weekly inspection, monthly inspection, quarterly inspection and half year inspection. The preventive maintenance of CNC machine tools is as follows:
- Daily inspection of CNC machining machine tools
Its main items include hydraulic system, spindle lubrication system, guide rail lubrication system, cooling system and air pressure system. Daily inspection is based on the normal situation of each system to detect. For example, when the process detection of the spindle lubrication system is carried out, the power light should be on, and the oil pressure pump should run normally. If the power light is not on, the spindle should be stopped and contact the mechanical engineer. Carry out maintenance.
- Weekly inspection of CNC machine tools
Its main items include machine parts and spindle lubrication system, which should be checked correctly every week, especially for machine parts, iron filings should be removed and external sundries should be cleaned.
- Monthly inspection of CNC machining machine tools
It is mainly to check the power supply and air in the dryer. Under normal conditions, the rated power supply voltage is 180v-220v, and the frequency is 50 Hz. If there is any abnormality, it should be measured and adjusted. The air dryer should be removed once a month, and then cleaned and assembled.
- Quarterly inspection of CNC machine tools
The quarterly inspection should be mainly carried out from the machine bed, hydraulic system and spindle lubrication system. For example, when checking the machine tool bed, it mainly depends on whether the accuracy and level of the machine tool meet the requirements in the manual. If there is any problem, contact the mechanical engineer immediately. When checking the hydraulic system and spindle lubrication system, if there is any problem, the oil should be replaced by 6ol and 20L respectively and cleaned.
- Semi annual inspection of CNC machine tools
After half a year, the hydraulic system, spindle lubrication system and x-axis of the machine tool should be inspected. If there is any problem, the new oil should be replaced, and then the cleaning work should be carried out. After being familiar with and mastering the knowledge of preventive maintenance, it is necessary to have a deeper understanding and necessary mastery of the causes and treatment of abnormal phenomena in the oil pressure system. For example, when the oil pump does not inject oil, the pressure is abnormal, there is noise and other phenomena, we should know what the main reasons are and what are the corresponding solutions.
The causes and treatment of abnormal phenomena in oil pressure system should be understood from three aspects
(1) The main reasons for the oil pump not injecting oil may be low liquid level in the oil tank, oil pump reverse, low speed, high oil viscosity, low oil temperature, filter blockage, excessive volume of oil suction pipe, air suction at the oil inlet, damage of shaft and rotor, etc. corresponding solutions are proposed for the main reasons, such as filling full oil, confirming the label, changing when the oil pump is reversed, etc.
(2) The pressure is abnormal, that is, the pressure is too high or too low. The main reasons are various, such as improper pressure setting, poor action of pressure regulating valve coil, abnormal pressure gauge, leakage of oil pressure system, etc. The corresponding solutions include dismantling and cleaning according to the specified pressure setting, changing a normal pressure gauge, and checking according to the system in turn.
(3) Noise is mainly produced by oil pump and valve. When the valve has noise, the reason is that the flow exceeds the rated standard, so the flow should be adjusted appropriately; when the oil pump has noise, the causes and corresponding solutions are also various, such as high oil viscosity and low oil temperature, and the solution is to raise the oil temperature; when there are bubbles in the oil, the air in the system should be discharged, etc.
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