Opening: under the maximum load of machine tool, the most cases should choose the largest knife as possible, the maximum feed amount and the fastest feed as possible. In the same case, the feed is inversely proportional to the feed quantity. Generally, the load of machine tool is not a problem. The principle of selecting tool is mainly considered whether the two-dimensional angle and three-dimensional arc of the product are too small. After selecting the tool, the length of the tool is determined. The principle is that the length of the tool is greater than the processing depth. If the large workpiece is involved, the interference of the chuck should be considered.
Smooth knife: the purpose of the smooth knife is to meet the machining requirements of the surface finish of the workpiece and reserve appropriate allowance. Similarly, the light knife is selected as large as possible, and the time is as fast as possible, because the fine knife takes a long time, and the most suitable feed and feed are used. The larger the transverse feed is, the faster the surface feed is, the surface feed quantity is related to the finish after processing, the feeding size is related to the surface shape. In the case of no damage to the surface, the minimum allowance, the maximum knife, the fastest speed and proper feed are reserved.
2、 Clamping method:
- All clamps are horizontal, vertical and short.
- Vice Clamp: the height of clamping shall not be less than 10 mm. The height of clamping and machining height must be specified when machining workpiece. The machining height shall be about 5mm higher than the plane of the vise, so as to ensure the firmness and avoid damaging the vise. This kind of clamp is a general clamp, and the height of the clamping is also related to the size of the workpiece. The larger the workpiece, the higher the clamping height will increase accordingly.
- Clamp: the clamp is coded on the workbench, and the workpiece is locked on the plywood with screws. This clamp is suitable for the workpiece with insufficient clamping height and large processing force. Generally, medium and large workpieces have good effect.
- Iron clamp: when the workpiece is large and the clamping height is not enough, and it is not allowed to lock the thread at the bottom, the clamp shall be installed with code iron. This kind of clamp needs to be installed twice. The four corners shall be coded first, other parts shall be processed, then four sides shall be coded to process the four corners. When installing the clamp twice, do not let the workpiece loose, code and then loosen. You can also code both sides first and process the other side.
- Clamping of tools: the diameter is more than 10 mm, the length of clamping is not less than 30mm; the diameter is less than 10 mm, and the clamping length is not less than 20mm. The clamping of the tool shall be firm, and the tool shall be strictly prevented from collision and direct insertion into the workpiece.
3、 Classification and application range of tools:
- By material:
White steel knife: easy to wear, used for copper and small steel material to open coarse.
Tungsten steel knife: used for angle cleaning (especially steel material) and light knife.
Alloy knife: similar to tungsten steel knife.
Purple knife; used for high speed cutting, not easy to wear.
- According to the cutting head:
Flat bottom knife: used for flat and straight side, clear plane angle.
Ball knife: used for various surface light, light knife.
Nose knife (unilateral, bilateral and five sides): used for steel material opening (r0.8, r0.3, r0.5, r0.4).
Rough leather knife: used for opening and paying attention to the method of remaining the allowance (0.3).
- According to the knife rod:
Straight pole knife: straight pole knife is suitable for various occasions.
Inclined pole knife: but not applicable to straight body surface and face with slope less than the bar slope.
- According to the blade:
The more the number of blades, the better the effect is, but the more work is done, the corresponding adjustment of speed and feed is, and the number of blades has long life.
- Difference between ball knife and flying knife light knife:
Ball knife: concave ruler is smaller than the ball ruler, and when the plane ruler is less than ball R, the light can not be reached (the bottom angle can not be cleared).
Flying knife: the advantage is to clear the bottom corner. Comparison of the same parameters: v = R * ω has a lot of speed (flying knife), the things out of the force are bright, and the flying knives are used for equal height shape, sometimes the flying knife does not need medium light. The disadvantage is that the concave size and plane ruler are less than the diameter of the flying knife.
4、 CNC works with EDM and copper company:
- What circumstances need to be made of copper:
If the knife is completely down, it is necessary to be a copper male. In a copper male, there is still something that cannot be lowered. The shape is protruding and needs to be divided again.
The knife can go down, but the knife that is easy to break also needs to be made of copper, which depends on the actual situation.
The products with spark pattern are required to be made of copper.
Copper can not be made, the bone position is too thin and too high, vulnerable and easy to deformation, deformation and spark deformation in processing, so insert is required.
The surface of the East and West (especially the surface will be smooth and even) can overcome many problems in the gong and many problems in the drawing.
If the precise shape or surplus is required, the coarse copper male must be made.
- Copper company’s practice:
Select the surface to be made of copper, fill the surface to be repaired, or extend the extended surface to ensure that all edges of copper male are larger than the surface to be punched, and the surface of other products will not be damaged. Unnecessary plane angle (deeper glue position is at the intersection of plane angle) shall be removed to form regular shape; find out the maximum shape of copper male, and then project it to the supporting surface with one side boundary; determine the size of reference frame , cut off the supporting surface, and the copper common drawing is basically completed; material preparation: length * width * height, length and width ≥ ymax and xmax are the actual copper material length and width of the reference frame must be larger than the reference frame on the drawing. The theoretical dimension of the high or equal to copper male + the height of the reference frame + the height of the clamp.
5、 Drawing sizing:
- Under the condition of no ready-made processing surface, the plane is divided into four sides, the center is to the origin, the top face is zero, and the top surface is not normally (for copper male) to leave a margin of 0.1, that is, when the number of collisions is 0 (z), the figure is lower than 0.1.
- When there are ready-made machining surfaces, make the ready-made face 0 (z) on the drawing, and divide the plane energy into the middle. Otherwise, if the ready-made edge impact number (one side) processing surface is used, the actual height, width, length and drawing difference shall be checked, and the actual material shall be used to program. Generally, the dimensions on the drawing are processed first and then the shape on the drawing is processed
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